Writing is about changing reader’s ideas

And other nuggets of wisdom from Larry McEnerney, Director of the University of Chicago’s Writing Program. Including:

  • Nobody cares about inside of your head
  • Writing is participation in the conversation of people who decide what is knowledge
  • “New” doesn’t make anything valuable without value
  • Writing sets up from instability (we know something but…) and cost/benefit (…the resolution will get us something of value)
  • Writing is done for the particular reading community, to solve their problem, or problem they care about
  • The definition of the problem and solution should be articulated in coded language, accepted in the given community
  • Simplest example is to start by “wow, are you smart people, you did so much for the community, but there is this little thing that is wrong”

Presenting: solve listener’s problems

Stealing this from Scott Berkun and his latest book.

When presenting anything, to anyone, figure out what problem they have. And then solve it.

As Nathan Kontny puts is:

Nobody cares until they have an empty box in their head

Why are you presenting and talk about A when the audience wants to hear about B? Well, for example, because A is the only thing you know how to talk about?…

If the audience of undergrads is looking for a lab rotation or research experience, don’t tell them about textbook molecular biology you are working on. Tell them how your day looks, and how the lab space looks

If the audience wants to know whether your microscope is good for their problems, don’t give lecture on physics of light. Show images of samples and experiments that come out.

If the audience wants to go home and be left alone… present the absolute minimum amount that will satisfy your supervisor, and let everyone free. Seriously, everyone loves when meetings end early

Q. What if you get to Q&A sooner, but there aren’t any questions?

A. Everyone goes to get a beer! Seriously, if there are no questions it means all questions were answered or the audience isn’t interested. In both cases it’s time to go.

Q&A from Toughest Public Speaking Situations, Scott Berkun

Campus & labs reopening plans

Few articles and books that could help with grad school and writing

Short notes

Great Mentoring in Graduate School: A QUICK START GUIDE FOR PROTÉGÉS
Laura Gail Lunsford, PhD & Vicki L. Baker, PhD

What Should a PhD Thesis Look Like
Dr. Barry Witcher

Writing guide from Chan lab
Dr. C. Savio Chan

Longer articles

How to Write a Research Manuscript
Deborah J. Frank

The Two Cultures and the Scientific Revolution
C. P. Snow

Books

Writing Your Dissertation in Fifteen Minutes a Day: A Guide to Starting, Revising, and Finishing Your Doctoral Thesis
Joan Bolker

Confessions of a Public Speaker
Scott Berkun

The Visual Display of Quantitative Information
Edward Tufte

Brag!: The Art of Tooting Your Own Horn without Blowing It
Peggy Klaus

Making Things Happen: Mastering Project Management (Theory in Practice)
Scott Berkun

The Good Research Code Handbook
Patrick J Mineault

When in doubt — “Bonjour-hi”

Apparently there is language drama in Montreal:

The unofficial greeting in the bilingual Canadian city of Montreal has long been a friendly “Bonjour, Hi!”

But that standard is no more since a motion mandating store clerks to greet customers only in French was passed in Quebec’s provincial legislature.

The problem is that Montreal is officially French-speaking. But English is extremely popular, and the main language of tourism. So ingenious citizens came up with “Bonjour-hi” as a way to be inclusive, and signal that they are capable of speaking english and french.

We have something to learn here. When in doubt: offer options.

  • When giving a suggestion, offer two if you don’t know for sure
  • When asking boss for advice, offer two possible solutions
  • When trying to make a decision, consider at least two options
  • When somebody is [un]comfortable, offer them option to stay or leave

Picking one out of two is hard, so let’s recall what Agile Software Development teaches us:

When faced with two or more alternatives that deliver roughly the same value, take the path that makes future change easier.

Dave Thomas

By following “Bonjour-hi” approach, we are not diluting power or wasting time, we are showing that we are empathetic and thoughtful. Offering option doesn’t need to be artificial, stick to your guns when you are sure. But otherwise — consider two options.

Setting up artificial limitations will teach you new tricks

In creating art, there is one technique that always attracts attention. That is setting up artificial limitations or restriction to the process.

In writing, there is whole zoo of techniques or challenges (see wiki and TV Tropes articles) that aspiring artist can borrow from. In movies, one can try to make a film using a single continuous shot (Russian Ark) or only using natural light (even indoors, see Barry Lyndon).

Constrained writing Wikipedia article

In software development one successful artificial constrained that comes to mind is 10+ Deploys per Day at Flickr that contributed to the launch of DevOps culture.

In cooking we have Plating Carrot in One Minute or dinner under $10. We have challenges of finishing game in least amount of time or beating games blindfolded. In programming we can try to implement algorithm with the least amount of bytes or program while drunk.

All these attempts at meeting strict restrictions (apart from being artistic goal) lead to generation of very creative solutions. When used as an exercise, this approach attempts to artificially limit most crucial resources, or resources we are bad at managing. You can’t finish project in a month? Try one day! Always over monthly budget? Here is $50 / $100 / $150 for a week of groceries.

In science we’ve seen several examples of setting up artificial constraints. Comes to mind: 3 Minute Thesis, 72 hour science, and 3 year PhD thesis (don’t take that one too seriously).

All these examples teach us valuable skills of time and resource management, allow us to get better at scope definition, and help understand what is slowing us down.

To work through the problem, force your process to be starved for key resource. The approach is to pick something that feels the most painful, and try to aim for it. You can only pick things you control (no “10 Science papers a year” but “10 co-authorships a year” is doable). In academics it is most likely going to be time.

Image result for cost time scope
Triangle of doom. When restraining quality, we have to balance time, cost, and scope to achieve result. When one resource is limited, others need to be sacrificed

You will have to sacrifice some things: either pay more, or aim for lesser scientific achievement. But amount of information and training you’ll gain might be well worth it.

Updated on March 19, 2020:

As the world struggles through COVID-19, many labs are struggling with shut-downs, order to work from home, terrible expectations with salaries and funding, and more.

This is an opportunity. Not to out-work your competition. But to re-evaluate process, goals, and human aspect of the research. Each lab get an opportunity to take a break with daily grind, reset the clock, and establish new policies and management procedures.

It can start with reducing amount of meetings, increasing quality of meetings, increasing amount of written communications, establishing proper project management, re-evaluating one-on-one meetings between staff and PIs, write down as much protocols as possible, get better at presenting.

It should not be just “do your best” but an opportunity for meta-discussion. We shouldn’t just “write”, but we should talk about how to write, and how to write better. Same for presentations. Same for lab management. Same for being a PI.